http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&feed=atom&action=history
GISAXS - Revision history
2024-03-28T16:57:47Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
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http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=5951&oldid=prev
KevinYager at 18:35, 30 April 2019
2019-04-30T18:35:55Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:35, 30 April 2019</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Also, scattering can arise from both the direct and reflected beams. Thus, a given intrinsic scattering peak will appear multiple times on the detector (c.f. [[DWBA]]). More broadly, [[multiple scattering]] makes GISAXS data harder to interpret.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Also, scattering can arise from both the direct and reflected beams. Thus, a given intrinsic scattering peak will appear multiple times on the detector (c.f. [[DWBA]]). More broadly, [[multiple scattering]] makes GISAXS data harder to interpret.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==Geometry==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:GISAXS geometry07t.png|900px]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==See Also==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==See Also==</div></td></tr>
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KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=5100&oldid=prev
KevinYager at 16:54, 25 July 2015
2015-07-25T16:54:07Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:54, 25 July 2015</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:BCP example SAXS.png|200px|thumb|right|Example [[GISAXS]] data for a [[block-copolymer]] thin film.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:BCP example SAXS.png|200px|thumb|right|Example [[GISAXS]] data for a [[block-copolymer]] thin film.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering''' ('''GISAXS''') is a surface-sensitive [[scattering]] technique used to probe the nano-structure of thin films; essentially a [[reflectivity|reflection]]-mode version of [[SAXS]]. It is a versatile and powerful technique, which enables studies of nanoscale objects deposited on surfaces (e.g. nanoparticles), thin and ultra-thin layers of nanomaterials (e.g. [[block-copolymers]]), or nano-structured surfaces (e.g. lithographic patterns).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering''' ('''GISAXS''') is a surface-sensitive [[scattering]] technique used to probe the nano-structure of thin films; essentially a [[reflectivity|reflection]]-mode version of [[SAXS]]. It is a versatile and powerful technique, which enables studies of nanoscale objects deposited on surfaces (e.g. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[</ins>nanoparticles<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]]</ins>), thin and ultra-thin layers of nanomaterials (e.g. [[block-copolymers]]), or nano-structured surfaces (e.g. lithographic patterns).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td></tr>
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KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=5099&oldid=prev
KevinYager at 16:53, 25 July 2015
2015-07-25T16:53:39Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:53, 25 July 2015</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:BCP example SAXS.png|200px|thumb|right|Example [[GISAXS]] data for a [[block-copolymer]] thin film.]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:BCP example SAXS.png|200px|thumb|right|Example [[GISAXS]] data for a [[block-copolymer]] thin film.]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering''' ('''GISAXS''') is a surface-sensitive [[scattering]] technique used to probe the nano-structure of thin films. It is a versatile and powerful technique, which enables studies of nanoscale objects deposited on surfaces (e.g. nanoparticles), thin and ultra-thin layers of nanomaterials (e.g. [[block-copolymers]]), or nano-structured surfaces (e.g. lithographic patterns).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering''' ('''GISAXS''') is a surface-sensitive [[scattering]] technique used to probe the nano-structure of thin films<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">; essentially a [[reflectivity|reflection]]-mode version of [[SAXS]]</ins>. It is a versatile and powerful technique, which enables studies of nanoscale objects deposited on surfaces (e.g. nanoparticles), thin and ultra-thin layers of nanomaterials (e.g. [[block-copolymers]]), or nano-structured surfaces (e.g. lithographic patterns).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td></tr>
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KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=4885&oldid=prev
KevinYager at 21:40, 29 January 2015
2015-01-29T21:40:02Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:40, 29 January 2015</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:BCP example SAXS.png|200px|thumb|right|Example [[GISAXS]] data for a [[block-copolymer]] thin film.]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering''' ('''GISAXS''') is a surface-sensitive [[scattering]] technique used to probe the nano-structure of thin films. It is a versatile and powerful technique, which enables studies of nanoscale objects deposited on surfaces (e.g. nanoparticles), thin and ultra-thin layers of nanomaterials (e.g. [[block-copolymers]]), or nano-structured surfaces (e.g. lithographic patterns).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-ray Scattering''' ('''GISAXS''') is a surface-sensitive [[scattering]] technique used to probe the nano-structure of thin films. It is a versatile and powerful technique, which enables studies of nanoscale objects deposited on surfaces (e.g. nanoparticles), thin and ultra-thin layers of nanomaterials (e.g. [[block-copolymers]]), or nano-structured surfaces (e.g. lithographic patterns).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
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KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=4658&oldid=prev
KevinYager: /* Intensity Enhancement */
2015-01-12T17:40:24Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Intensity Enhancement</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:40, 12 January 2015</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* '''[[X-ray waveguiding|Waveguiding]]''': Especially when the incident angle is close to the critical-angle, the x-ray beam will tend to couple into waveguide modes, which will further enhance the effective scattering volume (a waveguiding beam bouncing repeatedly inside the film greatly increases the probability for a scattering event). Even when the incident angle does not match the critical-angle, some range of exiting scattering vectors will match the critical angle on the exit-side, which again means the experiment is probing waveguide modes.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* '''[[X-ray waveguiding|Waveguiding]]''': Especially when the incident angle is close to the critical-angle, the x-ray beam will tend to couple into waveguide modes, which will further enhance the effective scattering volume (a waveguiding beam bouncing repeatedly inside the film greatly increases the probability for a scattering event). Even when the incident angle does not match the critical-angle, some range of exiting scattering vectors will match the critical angle on the exit-side, which again means the experiment is probing waveguide modes.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* '''[[Multiple scattering]]''': Scattering events can arise from either the direct beam or the reflected beam. Similarly, scattered rays can either reach the detector directly, or may be reflected from interfaces in the sample (especially the film-substrate interface) towards the detector. At shallow-angles, the reflectivity coefficients become large (tending to unity near the critical angle). I.e. the grazing-incidence geometry is efficient for directing the majority of the scattering towards the detector (as opposed to being lost within the substrate due to [[absorption]]).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* '''[[Multiple scattering]]''': Scattering events can arise from either the direct beam or the reflected beam. Similarly, scattered rays can either reach the detector directly, or may be reflected from interfaces in the sample (especially the film-substrate interface) towards the detector. At shallow-angles, the reflectivity coefficients become large (tending to unity near the critical angle). I.e. the grazing-incidence geometry is efficient for directing the majority of the scattering towards the detector (as opposed to being lost within the substrate due to [[absorption]]).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==Corrections==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The grazing-incidence geometry of GISAXS leads to a variety of effects not observed in traditional transmission-mode ([[TSAXS]]) experiments. In particular, the [[refractive index]] of the film (and substrate) cause the incident and scattered beams to be refracted. Thus, the positions of [[scattering features]] on the detector are [[refraction distortion|distorted]].</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Also, scattering can arise from both the direct and reflected beams. Thus, a given intrinsic scattering peak will appear multiple times on the detector (c.f. [[DWBA]]). More broadly, [[multiple scattering]] makes GISAXS data harder to interpret.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==See Also==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==See Also==</div></td></tr>
</table>
KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=4656&oldid=prev
KevinYager: /* See Also */
2015-01-06T17:32:38Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">See Also</span></span></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
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<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:32, 6 January 2015</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l22" >Line 22:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 22:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[GTSAXS]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[GTSAXS]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[GIWAXS]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[GIWAXS]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[Useful_Literature#GISAXS|Review Articles: <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">GIXAXS</del>]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[Useful_Literature#GISAXS|Review Articles: <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">GISAXS</ins>]]</div></td></tr>
</table>
KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=4655&oldid=prev
KevinYager: /* See Also */
2015-01-06T17:32:30Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">See Also</span></span></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:32, 6 January 2015</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l22" >Line 22:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 22:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[GTSAXS]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[GTSAXS]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[GIWAXS]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* [[GIWAXS]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [[Useful_Literature#GISAXS|Review Articles: GIXAXS]]</ins></div></td></tr>
</table>
KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=4575&oldid=prev
KevinYager: /* Experiment */
2014-12-03T19:27:31Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Experiment</span></span></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-marker" />
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:27, 3 December 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l2" >Line 2:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 2:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A typical GISAXS experiment involves directing a [[X-ray focusing|focused]] and collimated [[x-ray]] beam towards the surface of a thin film supported on a flat substrate. The grazing-incidence angle is carefully controlled using a sample-tilt stage, and is typically on the order of 0.05° to 0.50°. At these shallow angles, the x-ray beam is efficiently [[Refractive_index#Total_external_reflection|reflected]] off the sample or substrate surfaces. The scattering from the sample is then recorded with a two-dimensional (2D) [[x-ray detector]]. The beam interacts with the sample's structure, giving rise to scattering features (peaks, rings, [[diffuse scattering]], etc.) that encode the nanoscale order in the sample. Careful analysis of the 2D scattering pattern enables quantification of many structural parameters of scientific interest.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A typical GISAXS experiment involves directing a [[X-ray focusing|focused]] and collimated [[x-ray]] beam towards the surface of a thin film supported on a flat substrate. The grazing-incidence angle is carefully controlled using a sample-tilt stage, and is typically on the order of 0.05° to 0.50°. At these shallow angles, the x-ray beam is efficiently [[Refractive_index#Total_external_reflection|reflected]] off the sample or substrate surfaces. The scattering from the sample is then recorded with a two-dimensional (2D) [[x-ray detector]]. The beam interacts with the sample's structure, giving rise to <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[</ins>scattering features<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] </ins>(peaks, rings, [[diffuse scattering]], etc.) that encode the nanoscale order in the sample. Careful analysis of the 2D scattering pattern enables quantification of many structural parameters of scientific interest.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Gisaxs logo01.png|300px|center]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Gisaxs logo01.png|300px|center]]</div></td></tr>
</table>
KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=4491&oldid=prev
KevinYager: /* Experiment */
2014-10-18T16:32:12Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Experiment</span></span></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
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<col class="diff-marker" />
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:32, 18 October 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l2" >Line 2:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 2:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A typical GISAXS experiment involves directing a focused and collimated [[x-ray]] beam towards the surface of a thin film supported on a flat substrate. The grazing-incidence angle is carefully controlled using a sample-tilt stage, and is typically on the order of 0.05° to 0.50°. At these shallow angles, the x-ray beam is efficiently [[Refractive_index#Total_external_reflection|reflected]] off the sample or substrate surfaces. The scattering from the sample is then recorded with a two-dimensional (2D) [[x-ray detector]]. The beam interacts with the sample's structure, giving rise to scattering features (peaks, rings, [[diffuse scattering]], etc.) that encode the nanoscale order in the sample. Careful analysis of the 2D scattering pattern enables quantification of many structural parameters of scientific interest.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A typical GISAXS experiment involves directing a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[X-ray focusing|</ins>focused<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] </ins>and collimated [[x-ray]] beam towards the surface of a thin film supported on a flat substrate. The grazing-incidence angle is carefully controlled using a sample-tilt stage, and is typically on the order of 0.05° to 0.50°. At these shallow angles, the x-ray beam is efficiently [[Refractive_index#Total_external_reflection|reflected]] off the sample or substrate surfaces. The scattering from the sample is then recorded with a two-dimensional (2D) [[x-ray detector]]. The beam interacts with the sample's structure, giving rise to scattering features (peaks, rings, [[diffuse scattering]], etc.) that encode the nanoscale order in the sample. Careful analysis of the 2D scattering pattern enables quantification of many structural parameters of scientific interest.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Gisaxs logo01.png|300px|center]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Gisaxs logo01.png|300px|center]]</div></td></tr>
</table>
KevinYager
http://gisaxs.com/index.php?title=GISAXS&diff=4397&oldid=prev
KevinYager at 20:55, 14 October 2014
2014-10-14T20:55:55Z
<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<col class="diff-marker" />
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 20:55, 14 October 2014</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l2" >Line 2:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 2:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Experiment==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A typical GISAXS experiment involves directing a focused and collimated [[x-ray]] beam towards the surface of a thin film supported on a flat substrate. The grazing-incidence angle is carefully controlled using a sample-tilt stage, and is typically on the order of 0.05° to 0.50°. At these shallow angles, the x-ray beam is efficiently reflected off the sample <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and/</del>or substrate surfaces. The scattering from the sample is then recorded with a two-dimensional (2D) [[x-ray]] <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">detector</del>. The beam interacts with the sample's structure, giving rise to scattering features (peaks, rings, [[diffuse scattering]], etc.) that encode the nanoscale order in the sample. Careful analysis of the 2D scattering pattern enables quantification of many structural parameters of scientific interest.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A typical GISAXS experiment involves directing a focused and collimated [[x-ray]] beam towards the surface of a thin film supported on a flat substrate. The grazing-incidence angle is carefully controlled using a sample-tilt stage, and is typically on the order of 0.05° to 0.50°. At these shallow angles, the x-ray beam is efficiently <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Refractive_index#Total_external_reflection|</ins>reflected<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] </ins>off the sample or substrate surfaces. The scattering from the sample is then recorded with a two-dimensional (2D) [[x-ray <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">detector</ins>]]. The beam interacts with the sample's structure, giving rise to scattering features (peaks, rings, [[diffuse scattering]], etc.) that encode the nanoscale order in the sample. Careful analysis of the 2D scattering pattern enables quantification of many structural parameters of scientific interest.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Gisaxs logo01.png|300px|center]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Gisaxs logo01.png|300px|center]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Depth Profiling==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Depth Profiling==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>At sufficiently shallow incident angle, x-rays are totally reflected from a sample-vacuum interface. This can be understood in terms of the [[critical angle]] for the sample [[materials|material]]; x-rays are totally ''externally'' reflected when incident below this angle. In such a case, the x-ray beam probes only a short depth into the film, due to the evanescence phenomenon familiar from visible light optics. For x-rays, this probing depth is on the order of a few nanometers. If the incident angle is well-above the critical angle, the beam is mostly transmitted through the sample-vacuum interface (though it may be [[absorbed]] by the substrate), and the reflected beam is extremely weak. Nevertheless, the scattering from the incident beam can be recorded. In this mode, the beam is passing through the entire depth of the thin film, and is thus probing the structure throughout the film. Thus, measurements above and below the critical angle can be used as a limited form of depth profiling: differentiating the structuring at the surface, from the structure in the 'bulk'. This can be quite valuable when comparing to other measurements. For instance, AFM or SEM typically only measure the film surface. GISAXS can thus provide insight into whether this surface-structure is representative of the buried parts of the material.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>At sufficiently shallow incident angle, x-rays are <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Refractive_index#Total_external_reflection|</ins>totally reflected<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] </ins>from a sample-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Material:Vacuum|</ins>vacuum<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] </ins>interface. This can be understood in terms of the [[critical angle]] for the sample [[materials|material]]; x-rays are totally ''externally'' reflected when incident below this angle. In such a case, the x-ray beam probes only a short depth into the film, due to the evanescence phenomenon familiar from visible light optics. For x-rays, this probing depth is on the order of a few nanometers. If the incident angle is well-above the critical angle, the beam is mostly transmitted through the sample-vacuum interface (though it may be [[absorbed]] by the substrate), and the reflected beam is extremely weak. Nevertheless, the scattering from the incident beam can be recorded. In this mode, the beam is passing through the entire depth of the thin film, and is thus probing the structure throughout the film. Thus, measurements above and below the critical angle can be used as a limited form of depth profiling: differentiating the structuring at the surface, from the structure in the 'bulk'. This can be quite valuable when comparing to other measurements. For instance, AFM or SEM typically only measure the film surface. GISAXS can thus provide insight into whether this surface-structure is representative of the buried parts of the material.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In principle, careful variation of the incident angle near the critical angle enables reconstruction of the structure through the entire film depth (see [[X-ray waveguide|waveguiding]]). In practice, this is challenging both from an experimental point of view (requires extremely smooth films, well-collimated x-ray beam, etc.), and a data analysis point of view.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In principle, careful variation of the incident angle near the critical angle enables reconstruction of the structure through the entire film depth (see [[X-ray waveguide|waveguiding]]). In practice, this is challenging both from an experimental point of view (requires extremely smooth films, well-collimated x-ray beam, etc.), and a data analysis point of view.</div></td></tr>
</table>
KevinYager