Robots

Robot Hardware

Commercial Robots

Low Cost

• Source Robotics
• LeRobot Koch v1.1 (DIY)

Flexible

• Tau Robotics (video)
  • Waitlist
  • Real-world robotics control code (200Hz teleoperation)
• ARX

Arm (e.g. Six axis)

• MyCobot (Elephant Robotics), 600$ to 4,000$
• Galaxea AI [A1 robotic arm]: 5 kg payload, 6,000$
• Rethink Robotics: cobots, Reacher (arm), Ryders (mobile base)

Sample handling

• pf400 (Precise Automation)

Mobile Arms

• Watney Robotics
• Stretch 3 (hello-robot), 25k$
• Obotx: Concept for wheeled dual-arm manipulator, 4k$

Bespoke/Special-Purpose

• Fabrica

Humanoid Robots (under development)

1. Boston Dynamics
   • Spot (dog) 75k$
   • Stretch (arm on wheels) 300k$-500k$
   • Atlas 1,000k$
   • Electric Atlas
2. Naver Labs Ambidex
3. Tesla Optimus
4. 1X Neo
5. Sanctuary AI
6. Figure
7. Agility Digit ~200k$
8. Apptronik
9. Beomni
10. Ameca
11. Mentee Robotics
12. Neura 4NE-1
13. Reflex
14. Weave Robotics: Isaac 60k$
15. Pollen Robotics Reachy 2 (Beta) (open-source)
16. Foundation robotics Phantom (acquired Boardwalk Robotics, Alex robot)
17. Humanoid (UK) HMND 01
18. Dexmate Vega

Chinese

1. Unitree
   • H1 150k$
   • G1 16k$ 66k$
   • B2-W wheeled quadruped 150k$
2. Fourier Intelligence GR-1 GR-2
3. Kepler
4. LimX Dynamics CL-1, new design
5. Astribot S1
6. UBTECH
   • Walker S Lite
7. Leju Robotics Kuavo
8. Jaka K-1 (upper body; no legs)
9. Humanoid Robots (Shanghai) Limited, Qinglong bot (c.f.)
10. BXI Elf 25k$
11. Booster Robotics
12. Zhejiang Humanoid Robot Innovation Center NAVIAI
13. AGIBOT
    • Raise A1: Humanoid prototype
    • Expedition A2: Humanoid service bot
    • Expedition A2-Max: Heavy-duty humanoid
    • Expedition A2-W: Bimanual wheeled
    • Lingxi X1: Open-source dev platform
    • Lingxi X1-W: Bimanual wheeled system for data collection
    • Hand: Two five-fingered hands with touch sensing
    • AIDEA: Training/simulation platform
14. SICHUAN TLIBOT Co., TLIBOT T1Pro
15. Galbot G1
16. XPENG PX5
17. PNDbotics (video, preprint)
18. Pudu Robotics D7 (semi-humanoid)
19. Tencent wheeled-legged semi-humanoid
20. Robot Era STAR1
21. Engine AI Robotics
    • SE01 (with humanlike walking)
    • PM01 12k$
22. Deep Robotics DR01
23. Xpeng Iron
24. MagicLab robot
25. PaXini TORA-ONE (wheeled humanoid with dexterous hands)
26. Shanghai Matrix Robotics MATRIX-1

Robot Software

Control Software

• Robot Operating System (ROS)
• LeRobot

Robots for Science

Automated Robot Platforms

• Ian Foster et al. Towards a modular architecture for science factories Digital Discovery 2023, 2, 1980-1998. doi: 10.1039/D3DD00142C
• Abolhasani, M.; Kumacheva, E. The rise of self-driving labs in chemical and materials sciences Nature Synthesis 2023, 2, 483-492. doi: 10.1038/s44160-022-00231-0

Generalist Robots

Policy

• 2024-12: Video Prediction Policy: A Generalist Robot Policy with Predictive Visual Representations (preprint): Demonstrate example of performing chemistry manipulations

Specialized

Training

• 2024-07: Surgical Robot Transformer (SRT): Imitation Learning for Surgical Tasks

See Also

• AI tools
• AI understanding