Difference between revisions of "Q value"
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− | A given '''q value''' ([[momentum transfer]] in [[reciprocal-space]]) corresponds to a real-space distance (''d'') of: | + | A given '''q value''' ([[momentum transfer]] in [[reciprocal-space]]) corresponds to a [[real-space]] distance (''d'') of: |
:<math> | :<math> | ||
q = \frac{2\pi}{d} | q = \frac{2\pi}{d} | ||
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* Large angle (0.2-2 Å<sup>−1</sup>): Molecular packing distances (0.3-3 nm). For instance, aromatic rings tend to pi-pi stack with a 0.3-0.4 nm repeat distance. | * Large angle (0.2-2 Å<sup>−1</sup>): Molecular packing distances (0.3-3 nm). For instance, aromatic rings tend to pi-pi stack with a 0.3-0.4 nm repeat distance. | ||
* Medium angle (0.03-0.3 Å<sup>−1</sup>): Macromolecular distances (2-20 nm). For instance, polymers often crystallize into chain-folded lamellae with a period of 2-10 nm. | * Medium angle (0.03-0.3 Å<sup>−1</sup>): Macromolecular distances (2-20 nm). For instance, polymers often crystallize into chain-folded lamellae with a period of 2-10 nm. | ||
− | * Small angle (0.0002-0.04 Å<sup>−1</sup>): Nanoscale distances (15-300 nm). For instance, block-copolymers and nanoparticle [[superlattice]]s tend to organize in this size regime. | + | * Small angle (0.0002-0.04 Å<sup>−1</sup>): Nanoscale distances (15-300 nm). For instance, [[block-copolymers]] and nanoparticle [[superlattice]]s tend to organize in this size regime. |
* Ultra-small angle (<0.0006 Å<sup>−1</sup>): Micron sizes (>1 µm). | * Ultra-small angle (<0.0006 Å<sup>−1</sup>): Micron sizes (>1 µm). | ||
Latest revision as of 11:26, 30 September 2014
A given q value (momentum transfer in reciprocal-space) corresponds to a real-space distance (d) of:
Thus, from a peak position in scattering, one can calculate the realspace repeat-structure distance:
One must be careful, however. A peak in reciprocal-space corresponds to a repeating structure in the realspace lattice; i.e. this may or may not correspond directly to particle-particle spacings.
Peak position
The q-value for a peak gives a hint about what kinds of structure is producing the scattering:
- Very large angle (0.5-4 Å−1): Atomic packing distances (1-10 Å).
- Large angle (0.2-2 Å−1): Molecular packing distances (0.3-3 nm). For instance, aromatic rings tend to pi-pi stack with a 0.3-0.4 nm repeat distance.
- Medium angle (0.03-0.3 Å−1): Macromolecular distances (2-20 nm). For instance, polymers often crystallize into chain-folded lamellae with a period of 2-10 nm.
- Small angle (0.0002-0.04 Å−1): Nanoscale distances (15-300 nm). For instance, block-copolymers and nanoparticle superlattices tend to organize in this size regime.
- Ultra-small angle (<0.0006 Å−1): Micron sizes (>1 µm).
Lookup table
q | d | q | d | q | d | q | d | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.00010 Å−1 | 6283.2 nm | 0.00139 Å−1 | 450.8 nm | 0.019 Å−1 | 32.3 nm | 0.27 Å−1 | 2.3 nm | |||
0.00011 Å−1 | 5984.0 nm | 0.00146 Å−1 | 429.3 nm | 0.020 Å−1 | 30.8 nm | 0.28 Å−1 | 2.2 nm | |||
0.00011 Å−1 | 5699.0 nm | 0.0015 Å−1 | 408.9 nm | 0.021 Å−1 | 29.3 nm | 0.30 Å−1 | 2.1 nm | |||
0.00012 Å−1 | 5427.7 nm | 0.0016 Å−1 | 389.4 nm | 0.022 Å−1 | 27.9 nm | 0.31 Å−1 | 2.0 nm | |||
0.00012 Å−1 | 5169.2 nm | 0.0017 Å−1 | 370.9 nm | 0.024 Å−1 | 26.6 nm | 0.33 Å−1 | 1.9 nm | |||
0.00013 Å−1 | 4923.0 nm | 0.0018 Å−1 | 353.2 nm | 0.025 Å−1 | 25.3 nm | 0.35 Å−1 | 1.8 nm | |||
0.00013 Å−1 | 4688.6 nm | 0.0019 Å−1 | 336.4 nm | 0.026 Å−1 | 24.1 nm | 0.36 Å−1 | 1.7 nm | |||
0.00014 Å−1 | 4465.3 nm | 0.0020 Å−1 | 320.4 nm | 0.027 Å−1 | 23.0 nm | 0.38 Å−1 | 1.6 nm | |||
0.00015 Å−1 | 4252.7 nm | 0.0021 Å−1 | 305.1 nm | 0.029 Å−1 | 21.9 nm | 0.40 Å−1 | 1.6 nm | |||
0.00016 Å−1 | 4050.2 nm | 0.0022 Å−1 | 290.6 nm | 0.030 Å−1 | 20.8 nm | 0.42 Å−1 | 1.50 nm | |||
0.00016 Å−1 | 3857.3 nm | 0.0023 Å−1 | 276.7 nm | 0.032 Å−1 | 19.9 nm | 0.44 Å−1 | 1.42 nm | |||
0.00017 Å−1 | 3673.6 nm | 0.0024 Å−1 | 263.6 nm | 0.033 Å−1 | 18.9 nm | 0.46 Å−1 | 1.36 nm | |||
0.00018 Å−1 | 3498.7 nm | 0.0025 Å−1 | 251.0 nm | 0.035 Å−1 | 18.0 nm | 0.49 Å−1 | 1.29 nm | |||
0.00019 Å−1 | 3332.1 nm | 0.0026 Å−1 | 239.1 nm | 0.037 Å−1 | 17.2 nm | 0.51 Å−1 | 1.23 nm | |||
0.00020 Å−1 | 3173.4 nm | 0.0028 Å−1 | 227.7 nm | 0.038 Å−1 | 16.3 nm | 0.54 Å−1 | 1.17 nm | |||
0.00021 Å−1 | 3022.3 nm | 0.0029 Å−1 | 216.8 nm | 0.040 Å−1 | 15.6 nm | 0.56 Å−1 | 1.12 nm | |||
0.00022 Å−1 | 2878.4 nm | 0.0030 Å−1 | 206.5 nm | 0.042 Å−1 | 14.8 nm | 0.59 Å−1 | 1.06 nm | |||
0.00023 Å−1 | 2741.3 nm | 0.0032 Å−1 | 196.7 nm | 0.045 Å−1 | 14.1 nm | 0.62 Å−1 | 1.01 nm | |||
0.00024 Å−1 | 2610.8 nm | 0.0034 Å−1 | 187.3 nm | 0.047 Å−1 | 13.4 nm | 0.65 Å−1 | 0.96 nm | |||
0.00025 Å−1 | 2486.5 nm | 0.0035 Å−1 | 178.4 nm | 0.049 Å−1 | 12.8 nm | 0.68 Å−1 | 0.92 nm | |||
0.00027 Å−1 | 2368.1 nm | 0.0037 Å−1 | 169.9 nm | 0.052 Å−1 | 12.2 nm | 0.72 Å−1 | 0.87 nm | |||
0.00028 Å−1 | 2255.3 nm | 0.0039 Å−1 | 161.8 nm | 0.054 Å−1 | 11.6 nm | 0.75 Å−1 | 0.83 nm | |||
0.00029 Å−1 | 2147.9 nm | 0.0041 Å−1 | 154.1 nm | 0.057 Å−1 | 11.1 nm | 0.79 Å−1 | 0.79 nm | |||
0.00031 Å−1 | 2045.6 nm | 0.0043 Å−1 | 146.8 nm | 0.060 Å−1 | 10.5 nm | 0.83 Å−1 | 0.76 nm | |||
0.00032 Å−1 | 1948.2 nm | 0.0045 Å−1 | 139.8 nm | 0.063 Å−1 | 10.0 nm | 0.87 Å−1 | 0.72 nm | |||
0.00034 Å−1 | 1855.4 nm | 0.0047 Å−1 | 133.1 nm | 0.066 Å−1 | 9.5 nm | 0.92 Å−1 | 0.69 nm | |||
0.00036 Å−1 | 1767.1 nm | 0.0050 Å−1 | 126.8 nm | 0.069 Å−1 | 9.1 nm | 0.96 Å−1 | 0.65 nm | |||
0.00037 Å−1 | 1682.9 nm | 0.0052 Å−1 | 120.7 nm | 0.073 Å−1 | 8.7 nm | 1.01 Å−1 | 0.62 nm | |||
0.00039 Å−1 | 1602.8 nm | 0.0055 Å−1 | 115.0 nm | 0.076 Å−1 | 8.2 nm | 1.06 Å−1 | 0.59 nm | |||
0.00041 Å−1 | 1526.5 nm | 0.0057 Å−1 | 109.5 nm | 0.080 Å−1 | 7.9 nm | 1.11 Å−1 | 0.56 nm | |||
0.00043 Å−1 | 1453.8 nm | 0.0060 Å−1 | 104.3 nm | 0.084 Å−1 | 7.5 nm | 1.17 Å−1 | 0.54 nm | |||
0.00045 Å−1 | 1384.6 nm | 0.0063 Å−1 | 99.3 nm | 0.088 Å−1 | 7.1 nm | 1.23 Å−1 | 0.51 nm | |||
0.00048 Å−1 | 1318.6 nm | 0.0066 Å−1 | 94.6 nm | 0.093 Å−1 | 6.8 nm | 1.29 Å−1 | 0.49 nm | |||
0.00050 Å−1 | 1255.8 nm | 0.0070 Å−1 | 90.1 nm | 0.097 Å−1 | 6.5 nm | 1.35 Å−1 | 0.46 nm | |||
0.00053 Å−1 | 1196.0 nm | 0.0073 Å−1 | 85.8 nm | 0.102 Å−1 | 6.2 nm | 1.42 Å−1 | 0.44 nm | |||
0.00055 Å−1 | 1139.1 nm | 0.0077 Å−1 | 81.7 nm | 0.107 Å−1 | 5.9 nm | 1.49 Å−1 | 0.42 nm | |||
0.00058 Å−1 | 1084.8 nm | 0.0081 Å−1 | 77.8 nm | 0.113 Å−1 | 5.6 nm | 1.57 Å−1 | 0.40 nm | |||
0.00061 Å−1 | 1033.2 nm | 0.0085 Å−1 | 74.1 nm | 0.118 Å−1 | 5.3 nm | 1.65 Å−1 | 0.38 nm | |||
0.00064 Å−1 | 984.0 nm | 0.0089 Å−1 | 70.6 nm | 0.124 Å−1 | 5.1 nm | 1.73 Å−1 | 0.36 nm | |||
0.00067 Å−1 | 937.1 nm | 0.0093 Å−1 | 67.2 nm | 0.130 Å−1 | 4.8 nm | 1.82 Å−1 | 0.35 nm | |||
0.00070 Å−1 | 892.5 nm | 0.0098 Å−1 | 64.0 nm | 0.137 Å−1 | 4.6 nm | 1.91 Å−1 | 0.33 nm | |||
0.00074 Å−1 | 850.0 nm | 0.0103 Å−1 | 61.0 nm | 0.144 Å−1 | 4.4 nm | 2.00 Å−1 | 0.31 nm | |||
0.00078 Å−1 | 809.5 nm | 0.0108 Å−1 | 58.1 nm | 0.15 Å−1 | 4.2 nm | 2.10 Å−1 | 0.30 nm | |||
0.00081 Å−1 | 771.0 nm | 0.0114 Å−1 | 55.3 nm | 0.16 Å−1 | 4.0 nm | 2.21 Å−1 | 0.28 nm | |||
0.00086 Å−1 | 734.3 nm | 0.0119 Å−1 | 52.7 nm | 0.17 Å−1 | 3.8 nm | 2.32 Å−1 | 0.27 nm | |||
0.00090 Å−1 | 699.3 nm | 0.0125 Å−1 | 50.2 nm | 0.17 Å−1 | 3.6 nm | 2.43 Å−1 | 0.26 nm | |||
0.00094 Å−1 | 666.0 nm | 0.0132 Å−1 | 47.8 nm | 0.18 Å−1 | 3.4 nm | 2.55 Å−1 | 0.25 nm | |||
0.00099 Å−1 | 634.3 nm | 0.0138 Å−1 | 45.5 nm | 0.19 Å−1 | 3.3 nm | 2.68 Å−1 | 0.23 nm | |||
0.00104 Å−1 | 604.1 nm | 0.0145 Å−1 | 43.3 nm | 0.20 Å−1 | 3.1 nm | 2.82 Å−1 | 0.22 nm | |||
0.00109 Å−1 | 575.3 nm | 0.015 Å−1 | 41.3 nm | 0.21 Å−1 | 3.0 nm | 2.96 Å−1 | 0.21 nm | |||
0.00115 Å−1 | 547.9 nm | 0.016 Å−1 | 39.3 nm | 0.22 Å−1 | 2.8 nm | 3.11 Å−1 | 0.20 nm | |||
0.00120 Å−1 | 521.8 nm | 0.017 Å−1 | 37.4 nm | 0.23 Å−1 | 2.7 nm | 3.26 Å−1 | 0.19 nm | |||
0.00126 Å−1 | 497.0 nm | 0.018 Å−1 | 35.7 nm | 0.25 Å−1 | 2.6 nm | 3.42 Å−1 | 0.18 nm | |||
0.00133 Å−1 | 473.3 nm | 0.019 Å−1 | 34.0 nm | 0.26 Å−1 | 2.4 nm | 3.60 Å−1 | 0.17 nm |