Experimental examples

Bock-copolymers

• Refer to block-copolymers.

Organic Photo-voltaics (OPV)

P3HT

• Peter Müller-Buschbaum The Active Layer Morphology of Organic Solar Cells Probed with Grazing Incidence Scattering Techniques Advanced Materials 2014, 26 (46), 7692-7709. doi: 10.1002/adma.201304187

Other

• B. A. Collins, J. E. Cochran, H. Yan, E. Gann, C. Hub, R. Fink, C. Wang, T. Schuettfort, C. R. McNeill, M. L. Chabinyc & H. Ade Polarized X-ray scattering reveals non-crystalline orientational ordering in organic films Nature Materials 2012, 11, 536-543. doi: 10.1038/nmat3310

Nanoparticles

DNA-coated

• Sumit Kewalramani, Jos W. Zwanikken, Robert J. Macfarlane, Cheuk-Yui Leung, Monica Olvera de la Cruz, Chad A. Mirkin, and Michael J. Bedzyk Counterion Distribution Surrounding Spherical Nucleic Acid–Au Nanoparticle Conjugates Probed by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering ACS Nano 2013, 7 (12), 11301-11309. doi: 10.1021/nn405109z

Ligand-mediated superlattices

SAXS

TBD

GISAXS

• Tobias Hanrath, Joshua J. Choi and Detlef-M. Smilgies Structure/Processing Relationships of Highly Ordered Lead Salt Nanocrystal Superlattices ACS Nano 2009, 3 (10), 2975–2988. doi: 10.1021/nn901008r
• Kaifu Bian, Joshua J. Choi, Ananth Kaushik, Paulette Clancy, Detlef-M. Smilgies, and Tobias Hanrath Shape-Anisotropy Driven Symmetry Transformations in Nanocrystal Superlattice Polymorphs ACS Nano 2011, 5 (4), 2815-2823. doi: 10.1021/nn103303q
• Weidman, M.C.; Yager, K.G., Tisdale, W.A. Interparticle Spacing and Structural Ordering in Superlattice PbS Nanocrystal Solids Undergoing Ligand Exchange Chemistry of Materials 2015 doi: 10.1021/cm503626s

DNA-mediated superlattices

SAXS

• C.f. modeling lattices of nano-objects.
• Dmytro Nykypanchuk, Mathew M. Maye, Daniel van der Lelie and Oleg Gang DNA-guided crystallization of colloidal nanoparticles Nature 2008, 451, 549-552. doi: 10.1038/nature06560
• Sung Yong Park, Abigail K. R. Lytton-Jean, Byeongdu Lee, Steven Weigand, George C. Schatz and Chad A. Mirkin DNA-programmable nanoparticle crystallization Nature 2008, 451, 553-556. doi: 10.1038/nature06508
• Robert J. Macfarlane, Byeongdu Lee, Matthew R. Jones, Nadine Harris, George C. Schatz, Chad A. Mirkin Nanoparticle Superlattice Engineering with DNA Science 2011, 334 (6053), 204-208. doi: 10.1126/science.1210493
• Petr Cigler, Abigail K. R. Lytton-Jean, Daniel G. Anderson, M. G. and Sung Yong Park DNA-controlled assembly of a NaTl lattice structure from gold nanoparticles and protein nanoparticles Nature Materials 2010, 9, 918-922 doi:10.1038/nmat2877
• Matthew R. Jones, Robert J. Macfarlane, Byeongdu Lee, Jian Zhang, Kaylie L. Young, Andrew J. Senesi, and Chad A. Mirkin DNA-nanoparticle superlattices formed from anisotropic building blocks Nature Materials 2010, 9, 913-917 doi: 10.1038/nmat2870
  • See also summary of paper.
• Yager, K.G.; Zhang, Y.; Lu, F.; Gang, O. "Periodic lattices of arbitrary nano-objects: modeling and applications for self-assembled systems" Journal of Applied Crystallography 2014, 47, 118–129. doi: 10.1107/S160057671302832X
  • See also summary of paper.

GISAXS

• Andrew J. Senesi, Daniel J. Eichelsdoerfer, Robert J. Macfarlane, Matthew R. Jones, Evelyn Auyeung, Byeongdu Lee, and Chad A. Mirkin Stepwise Evolution of DNA-Programmable Nanoparticle Superlattices Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2013, 52 (26), 6624-6628. doi: 10.1002/anie.201301936
• Sunita Srivastava, Dmytro Nykypanchuk, Masafumi Fukuto, Jonathan D. Halverson, Alexei V. Tkachenko, Kevin G. Yager and Oleg Gang Two-Dimensional DNA-Programmable Assembly of Nanoparticles at Liquid Interfaces J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136 (23), 8323-8332. doi: 10.1021/ja501749b

DNA materials

• See also DNA-mediated nanoparticle superlattices.
• Wu P, Yu Y, McGhee CE, Tan LH, Lu Y. Applications of Synchrotron-Based Spectroscopic Techniques in Studying Nucleic Acids and Nucleic Acid-Functionalized Nanomaterials Adv. Mater. 2014, 26 (46), 7849. doi: 10.1002/adma.201304891

Gratings

• See also CD-SAXS.
• Jan Wernecke, Frank Scholze and Michael Krumrey Direct structural characterisation of line gratings with grazing incidence small-angle x-ray scattering Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2012, 83, 103906. doi: 10.1063/1.4758283